Rwanda-supported insurgents are expanding their influence in eastern Congo following the seizure of Goma, a key city in the region, as confirmed by the United Nations on Friday. Concerns were raised regarding reported executions by the rebels in recent days, marking a significant escalation in their longstanding rebellion.
Local reports indicated that Congolese forces successfully pushed back the rebels in their advance towards Bakuvu, the provincial capital of South Kivu, on Thursday. The M23 rebel faction, after taking control of Goma and several other towns, announced intentions to march towards Kinshasa, the capital of Congo, situated approximately 1,600 kilometers away.
Among the multitude of armed groups competing for dominance in the mineral-rich east of Congo, the M23 group has emerged as the most formidable, backed by an estimated 4,000 troops from neighboring Rwanda, a substantial increase from their initial capture of Goma in 2012 driven by ethnic tensions.
The UN human rights office reported serious human rights violations following the rebel uprising, including bomb attacks on displaced persons camps resulting in casualties. Additionally, the UN documented instances of summary executions, forced conscription, and forced labor perpetrated by the M23 group in the region.
Amid the ongoing conflict, allegations of sexual violence involving Congolese troops have also surfaced. The situation in Goma remains dire, with residents resorting to looting for essential supplies due to the disrupted infrastructure.
Efforts to combat the rebels have seen young volunteers enrolling in military training in response to President Félix Tshisekedi’s call for mass mobilization. The weakened Congolese military is regrouping to counter the rebel threat, with plans to reinforce strategic positions to restore government control.
In Goma, the lack of basic necessities like water and electricity continues to challenge residents, forcing them to travel long distances to access vital resources. The M23 group has pledged to restore essential services in the city, emphasizing their commitment to establishing democratic governance in the region.
In response to the rebel incursion, President Tshisekedi has vowed a robust response from the national forces while advocating for a peaceful resolution to the conflict. The Defence Minister of Congo, Guy Kabombo Muadiamvita, has dismissed any prospects of dialogue with the rebels, emphasizing a steadfast commitment to defending the nation against external threats.
